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6. 句子：

A buyer and a seller who conduct their purchase and sale under one of the Incoterms, therefore, will have a mutual understanding of their rights, costs, and obligations.

我们以 therefore 为界,分析这句含因果关系的句子:

6.1 因: a buyer and a seller who conduct their purchase and sale under one of the Incoterms

关键字词是: conduct their purchase and sale

6.1.1 conduct = control, manage “管理、经营、处理”

例如: conduct a business (经营生意)

例如: conduct negotiations (指导洽谈、主持谈判)

6.1.2 purchase = buying “购买” (近义词: buy 反义词: sale)

例如: purchase order = buying order = order (购买订单)

例如: purchase contract (购买合同)

例如: purchase and sale = buying and selling (购销)

例如: repurchase (购回)

例如: purchasing (采购)

6.1.3 sale (名词), sell (动词) “出售、销售”

例如: for sale (待售)

例如: on sale (销售中,出售中)

例如: sale by sample (凭样品销售)

例如: salesman, saleswoman, sales manager

(注意: sale 后面一定要加 -s)

6.2 果: (a buyer and a seller) will have a mutual understanding of their rights, costs, and obligations.

6.2.1 关键字词之一是: understanding (了解、理解、认识、领会) of their rights, costs, and obligation

6.2.2 关键字词之二是: mutual = each to the other(s)

(相互的、彼此的,人们常用mutual指两个或多个共同的事物)

have a mutual understanding of their rights, costs, and obligations

(对于他们的权利、费用和义务达成共识)

6.3 表达因果关系的连接词: therefore

我们在第一课的时候就碰到这样一些副词: originally, however, today 等等. 这些副词虽然不直接影响句子的意思,但是对于承上启下有着重要的作用.

therefore 亦然.

therefore = for that reason 解释“因此, 为此, 为了那种理由”

7. 句子：Here six major trade terms are discussed. 我们要把这些词区分清楚:

(1) main = most important, chief:

意思是“最重要的、主要的” 例如 main crop (主要作物)

(2) major = less important:

意思是“较重要的” 例如 major industries (主要工业)

(3) minor 意思是“较不重要的,次要的”

8. 句子：

The traditional three trade terms are FOB, CFR and CIF, while FCA, CPT and CIP are new terms developed on the basis of the traditional ones.

这句句子的意思是:

FOB, CFR and CIF are traditional trade terms, FCA, CPT and CIP are new trade terms developed on the basis of FOB, CFR and CIF.

8.1 traditional 形容词,解释“传统的、沿袭下来的”,相对应的词是 new.

8.2 on the basis of 解释“基于、在…的基础上”.

8.3 ones 代词,单数是 one, one 或 ones 泛指前面文章中提到的同类的单数或复数可数名词.

9. 句子：

They are suitable for any mode of transport and will be more widely used.

句中:

9.1 be suitable for 解释“适于,适用于,适合于”.

9.2 widely 这个词一共才两个解释:

① 广泛地: 例子见课文.

② 相当地: widely different